He believed that Washington's policy
had replaced manliness with a shallow materialism. Monroe
Trotter edited the Boston Guardian which was one of
the most militant papers published in the Afro-American
community. Trotter used it as a platform from which to
attack Washington's leadership. On one occasion when Washington
was speaking in Boston, Trotter was among those arrested for
creating a disturbance during the lecture. When the Niagara
Movement was dissolved in 1909 and most of its leaders joined
with liberal whites in founding the National Association for the
Advancement of Colored People, Trotter refused to follow them.
Besides distrusting the conciliatory policies of Washington, he
could not put his trust in an integrated movement.
In the years immediately preceding his death in 1915, Washington
hinted at a growing disillusionment with the way in which his
compromise had worked. In 1912 he wrote an article for Century
magazine entitled "Is the Negro Having a Fair Chance?" In it he
criticized the fact that more money was appropriated for the
education of whites than of blacks.
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