The
percentage of the Afro-American community living stil In the
South had dropped from 89.7 percent in 1900 to 59 percent and for
the first time, more than half of them lived outside of the Deep
South.
Another indication of the northward migration which had occured
was that a Northern state, New York, had acquired an Afro-
American community which was larger than that of any of the
Southern states. Much of this migration was also a move from the
country to the city. In the South, 58 percent of the Afro-
Americans lived in cities. In the West, there are 93 percent who
live in the cities, and in the North, there are 96 percent. In
the first half of the twentieth century, the Afro-American
community had been transformed from a rural and regional group
into a national one.
Harlem: 'The Promised Land'
Alain Locke edited a volume of critical essays and literature
entitled The New Negro. In it, Locke heralded a spiritual
awakening within the Afro-American community. It was manifested
by a creative outburst of art, music and literature as well as
by a new mood of self-confidence and self-consciousness within
that community.
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